1 Introduction
Three ways to understand Climate Change through Metrological Data:
1. Climate Change & Weather Patterns: The Data Revolution
2. Understanding the Impact through Advanced Meteorological Tools
3. A relevant image showing extreme weather events (e.g., cyclone, drought, flood)
2 Climate Change Basics
Key Points:
• Rise in global temperatures (1.1°C since pre-industrial era)
• Increased Green-house Gases (CO2: 415 ppm)
• Melting polar ice caps & glaciers
• Impact: Altered atmospheric conditions → Extreme weather events
Impact of Climate Change on Weather Patterns
Key Points:
• Global Temperature Rise: 1.1°C increase since pre-industrial era
• Extreme Weather Events:
• Heatwaves: India saw a 50% rise in heatwave days (2010-2025 vs 1980-1989)
• Cyclones: North Indian Ocean cyclone intensity ↑ 21% (1970-2025)
• Floods: India’s average annual flood damage: ₹90,000 crore = 10 bn USD approx. (2010 -2025)
Annual Mean Temperature Anomaly (India)
Graph: Annual Mean Temperature Anomaly (India)
• Year Anomaly (°C)
• 1950 – 0.2
• 1980 0.0
• 2000 +0.4
• 2020 +1.1
•Source: IMD/NASA GISS
Data Highlight:
– Monsoon Rainfall: 12% decrease in June-Sept rainfall (1951-2025)
– Sea Level Rise: Mumbai: 1.2 mm/year (last 50 yrs)
3 Advances in Meteorological Data Collection
Technologies:
• Satellites: Real-time monitoring (e.g., INSAT-3D, NASA’s Terra)
• Doppler Radar: Accurate forecasting (e.g., tracking cyclones)
• Weather Stations: Ground-level data collection
• AI & Machine Learning: Predictive modelling
Advances in Meteorological Data Collection
Key Technologies:
• Satellites:
– INSAT-3D (India): High-res weather monitoring
– NASA’s Terra/Aqua: Global climate data
• Doppler Radar:
– Accurate tracking of cyclones (e.g., IMD’s network)
• Weather Stations:
– AWS (Automatic Weather Stations): Real-time ground data
• AI & ML:
– Predictive modeling for extreme events
Impact:
– Improved forecasting accuracy (e.g., cyclone warnings)
– Better disaster management & planning
4 Impact on Weather Patterns
Extreme Events:
• Increased frequency & intensity of heatwaves, storms, floods
• Erratic monsoons affecting agriculture
Regional Variations:
– Coastal cities: Rising sea levels & cyclones
– Himalayas: Glacial melt & floods
Impact of Global Climate Change on Weather Patterns
Key Impacts:
•Extreme Weather Events:
– Increased frequency & intensity of heatwaves, storms, floods
– Erratic monsoons affecting agriculture (e.g., India)
•Regional Variations:
– Coastal cities: Rising sea levels & cyclones
– Himalayas: Glacial melt & floods
•Global Trends:
– 1.1°C temperature rise (pre-industrial to 2025)
– Sea levels rising at 3.2 mm/year (2018-2025)
Continent wise data and it’s impact – Here’s a breakdown of continent-wise climate change impacts:
Asia
• Sea Level Rise: Threatens dense coastal populations; 63 million people at risk from 100-year floods
• Impact: Economic losses projected at $167.6 billion (0.47m rise); 70% of exposed populations in Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, and Vietnam
• Vulnerable Cities: Guangzhou, Shanghai, Jakarta, Bangkok
Africa
• Sea Level Rise: Rising faster than global average, with Western Indian Ocean experiencing 3.88 mm/yr increase.
• Impact: 54.2 million people in low-elevation coastal zones; potential displacement of 750,000 in East Africa by 2050.
• Vulnerable Cities: Lagos, Dar es Salaam; small island nations like Comoros and Seychelles at risk.
Europe
• Sea Level Rise: Coastal erosion affects sandy coastlines; Spain, Italy, Portugal, and Denmark vulnerable
• Impact: Venice sinking; France faces potential displacement of 8,000-10,000 people by 2080
North America
• Sea Level Rise: US East Coast rising 3-4 times global average; Miami and New York City vulnerable
• Impact: 4.2 million people at risk (0.9m rise); potential damage to California’s GDP
South America
• Sea Level Rise: Coastal flooding and erosion affect 3-4 million people by 2100
• Impact: Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela’s coastal populations at risk; Georgetown, Guyana, already below sea level.
Australia and Oceania
• Sea Level Rise: 0.2-0.3m likely by 2050; increased flooding and erosion
• Impact: Queensland’s Sunshine Coast tourism at risk; NZ$12.75 billion worth of buildings exposed
Antarctica
• Ice Sheet Melting: West Antarctic Ice Sheet vulnerable; potential 3.3m sea level rise if collapsed
• Impact: Global sea levels would rise, affecting coastal cities worldwide
5 Case Study – Indian Monsoon
•Trend: Delayed onset, intense rainfall
•Impact: Uttarakhand (2012 – 2013), Flooding (Kerala 2018), droughts (2015)
•Data: IMD’s improved forecasting models
6 Conclusion
o Key Takeaway: Advanced data tools help predict & mitigate climate impacts
o Action Point: Leverage tech for climate resilience & policy-making
• Plantation
• Water Conservation
• Soil Conservation
• Keep nature in natural form
• Organic manure use Use Alternate energy e.g. solar, wind, bio-mass, bio-gas, hydrogen
Research & Development Division ASRDEEP GROUP
www.asrdeepgroup.com